Thermal Conductivity (K-Value)

A unit used to express the amount of heat, in BTU's per hour, that passes through one square foot of homogeneous material that is exactly one inch thick and has a temperature difference of one degree Fahrenheit between its surfaces. As the K-Value decreases, so does the amount of heat permitted to pass through the material.

Commercial Buildings

It is said that close to 90% of all new commercial construction is a steel building system. The ease of construction makes a new steel building system more attractive to builders and owners alike. From carwashes to skyscrapers steel has, and will continue to lead the way. Steel buildings are great for workshops or manufacturing facilities, classrooms or church buildings, metal buildings are fast replacing less adaptable building systems. Today, more than ever our world is growing faster and more competitive. Architects and professional building designers are becoming more aware of the benefits of steel from a construction and economical standpoint. As new steel building systems are introduced, we see the bottom line improving on construction projects of all kinds. The ease of construction and versatility makes a steel building attractive for a variety of uses.

Temperature Control

Your geographic area will, to a great extent, influence the type of insulation that will provide the best performance. If you live in a mild climate and your building is used for farm equipment storage, insulation may not be necessary. If you are planning to have employees working in a building, you should probably install insulation, particularly in areas where temperatures are extreme. Energy savings will quickly pay for insulation if the building will be climate controlled.

Condensation Control

The condensation process occurs when warmer moist air comes in contact with cold surfaces such as framing members, windows and other thermally conductive accessories, or the colder region within the insulation itself (if moisture has penetrated the vapor retarder). Warm air, having the ability to contain more moisture than cold air, loses that ability when it comes in contact with cooler surfaces or regions. When this happens, excessive moisture in the air is released in the form of condensation. If this moisture collects in the insulation, the insulating value is decreased.

In dealing with condensation, air may be considered to be a mixture of two gases-dry air and water vapor. One thousand cubic feet of air at 75°F can hold up to 1.4 pints of water. At 45°F, it can hold only 0.5 pints.

Relative Humidity is a percentage measurement of the amount of water vapor present in the air in relation to the amount it is capable of holding at that temperature. Therefore, 50% Relative Humidity would mean that the air is carrying only one-half of the total amount of moisture that it could be holding at that particular temperature. Cold outside air is usually much drier than warm inside air. Therefore, you can lower the Relative Humidity by bringing in outside air to mix with and dilute the moist inside air. At 100% Relative Humidity, the air is "saturated."

The temperature at which the air is saturated and can no longer hold additional moisture is called the dew point temperature. Whenever air temperature drops below its dew point, excess moisture will be released in the form of condensation. Condensation problems are most likely to occur in climates where temperatures frequently dip to 35°F or colder over an extended period of time.

Facings

In addition to acting as a decorative protection barrier, facings serve an integral part of the overall insulation system. Facings provide vapor barriers, light reflectivity and structural strength. In some cases, a reinforcement of fiberglass scrim is used for extra rigidity and greater impact resistance.

The effectiveness of a vapor barrier depends on three primary factors:

1) Location within the insulated section

2) Permeance

3) Proper installation